英语句型【2】 - 达人(蔷薇)

2006/06/30 | 英语句型【2】
类别(◈知识城堡◈) | 评论(0) | 阅读(46) | 发表于 10:25: 1. wish 结构
wish(ed)
…had done/could have done
过去或完成

wish(ed)
…were…
现在

wish(ed)
…would do…
将来

I wish I had passed the math test.

I wish I could have learned Janpnaese last year.

I wish I were a bird.

I wish I would go to Bejing tomorrow.

2. If only 结构（同wish 结构类似）

If only
…had done…
过去

If only
…were…
现在

If only
…would do…
将来

If only I had passed the math test!

If only I were a bird!

If only I would go to Bejing tomorrow!

注意：过去式和现在式同基本句型的if 从句，而将来式则用基本句型的主句。

比较：

If I had passed the math test, I would have felt happier yesterday.

---If only I had passed the test!

If I were a bird, I could fly.

---If only I were a bird!

但是，将来式则用主句的句式：

If it were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

---If only I would stay at home (tomorrow)!

3. It is + 形容词+that …(should) do….

It is necessary that he (should) study hard.

常见的此类形容词有：

nesessary, important, essential (必须的)，imperative (重要的), strange, odd(古怪的), better等。

4. 动词+ that …(should) do….

I suggest that he (should) study hard.

常见的此类动词有：

order, recommend(推荐)，demand(要求), ask 等。

比较：

I asked (要求)that he come on time tomorrow.( ask 后面跟that)

I asked ( 询问) if he would come the next day. ( ask 后面跟if 或whether)

5. It is (high/about) time that sb. did….(该干什么了, 等于"It is time for sb to do …")

It is high time we had lunch.(=It is high time for us to have lunch.)

6. would rather 结构

1) sb would rather do (than do)

I would rather go to Bejing.

I would rather stay here than go out

2) sb-1 would rather sb-2 did …(表示将来)

I would rather you went to Bejing tomorrow.

3)比较否定：

I would rather go to Bejing.

--- I would rather not go to Bejing.

I would rather you went to Bejing tomorrow.

--- I would rather you did not go to Bejing tomorrow.

3) woud rather 的变体:

would (just) as soon 的用法和would rather 一样：

I would (just) as soon go to Bejing.

7. 倒装

倒装：谓语或助动词放在主语之前。

1) 全部倒装

"123"变为"321"：

The building stands there.

---There stands the building.

2) 部分倒装：谓语动词或助动词放在了主语之前。

三种情况必须部分倒装：一般为：助动词＋主语＋实义动词

A) 含否定词的状语或否定词本身作状语在句首。

Under no circumstances (情况) will China use nuclear weapons ( 核武器) first.

比较： No pople will do it.(No 作定语，不倒装)

B) 含半否定词的状语或半否定词本身作状语在句首。

半否定词有：hardly(几乎不), scarecely (几乎不) ,barely (几乎不), little, few, rarely, seldom等。

Hardly had he fininshed his dinner when he heard a knock at the door.

比较：

No sooner had he fininshed his dinner than he heard a knock at the door.

"hardly…when…"和"no sooner…than…"都是："一……就……"的意思，但注意：这两个句型的第一部分用"had done"

C) 含"only"的状语状语在句首。

Only in this way can we learn English well.

比较：

Only he can do it. (Only 作定语，不倒装); 0

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